Object Oriented programming suggests to use the following principles during the design of a software.
Encapsulation :
Manipulation of an object’s variables by other objects or classes is discouraged to ensure data encapsulation. A class should provide methods through which other objects could access variables. Java deletes the no longer used objects(Garbage Collection).
Abstraction :
Means, first define a class containing the variables and the behavior (methods) and afterwards you create the real objects which then all behave like the class defined it.
A class is the definition of the behavior and data. A class can not be directly be used.
A object is an instance of this class and is the real object which can be worked with.
Polymorphism :
The ability of object variables to contain objects of different classes.
